Real-World Safety and Efficacy of Avatrombopag in Adults with Immune Thrombocytopenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the risk of thromboembolic events and assess the overall safety and effectiveness of avatrombopag in adult patients with immune thrombocytopenia using real-world evidence. METHODS: A systematic search was conducted following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Observational studies (2020-2024) on adults with primary immune thrombocytopenia treated with avatrombopag were included. Primary outcomes were thromboembolic complications and treatment response; secondary outcomes included time to response, treatment discontinuation, and adverse events. Random-effects meta-analyses were performed to synthesise pooled proportions and rates. Risk of bias was assessed using the ROBINS-Version 2 tool. RESULTS: Fifteen studies were included. The pooled proportion of patients with thromboembolic events was 2.82% (95% confidence interval: 1.61%-4.27%), with an incidence rate of 3.29 per 100 patient-years (95% CI: 1.81-5.08). Response and complete response were achieved by 80.0% and 92.0% of patients, respectively. The median time to response was 11 days, and the discontinuation rate was 18.9%. Adverse events occurred in 4.1% of patients. CONCLUSION: In real-world practice, avatrombopag demonstrated high platelet response rates and a low pooled incidence of thrombotic events. These findings add real-world evidence on avatrombopag outcomes in adult immune thrombocytopenia.