Optimization of a colorectal cancer screening program through the implementation of a failure mode and effects analysis

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: colorectal cancer (CRC) screening is a strategy aimed at the early detection and treatment of this condition. Inviting asymptomatic individuals to participate in the program offers potential health benefits but also exposes them to possible complications associated with the process. MATERIAL AND METHODS: a single-center, descriptive risk management study was performed using the failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA) methodology. In the first phase, failure modes were identified through brainstorming sessions involving all relevant personnel. These were then categorized based on their risk priority number (RPN), and a risk matrix was used to prioritize corrective and preventive measures for high-risk errors. Finally, interventions targeting the identified failure modes were implemented, and their impact was monitored at six months. RESULTS: a total of 12 failure modes were identified, four of which were classified as high-risk (RPN > 15). The proposed interventions were applied to mitigate these failure modes, resulting in a significant reduction in RPN scores. CONCLUSION: the application of the FMEA methodology enabled the identification of high-risk errors in the CRC screening process and the implementation of measures to mitigate them, leading to improvements in the safety and quality of the program.