02.11. Gerencia del Hospital Psiquiátrico Román Alberca

El estigma de los profesionales de salud mental hacia los usuarios con trastorno mental

2022-07-01T00:00:00Z

El estigma de los profesionales de salud mental hacia los usuarios con trastorno mental Valverde-Bolívar, Efrén; García-Arenas, José-J; López-Pelegrín, Ilda; Pérez-Gómez, Laura; Muñoz-López, Manuel; Simonelli-Muñoz, Agustín-J Individuals with mental disorders are labeled in such a way that it leads to stigmatization. This generates a disadvantage as regards to the rest of the members of the society, limiting their participation as active members within it and at the same time being deleterious to their way of life. Mental health professionals are not safe from internalizing these stereotypes and prejudices assumed from their environment, thereby showing stigmatizing attitudes and behaviors towards the users in the different mental health resources.

How to improve the quality and transparency of systematic review? PRISMA 2020 guideline

46086-01-01T00:00:00Z

How to improve the quality and transparency of systematic review? PRISMA 2020 guideline Sanchez-Martín, Micaela; Rubio-Aparicio, María; López-García, Gines-David; Navarro-Mateu, Fernando

Anxiolytic Medication Use in Low- Middle- and High-Income Countries: A World Mental Health Surveys Report

2026-01-01T00:00:00Z

Anxiolytic Medication Use in Low- Middle- and High-Income Countries: A World Mental Health Surveys Report Stein, Dan-J; Kazdin, Alan-E; Baldwin, David-S; Harris, Meredith-G; Hwang, Irving; Pozuelo, Julia-R; Sampson, Nancy-A; Woodruff, Peter; Viana, María-Carmen; Aguilar-Gaxiola, Sergio; Al-hamzawi, Ali; Alonso, Jordi; Andrade, Laura-Helena; Benjet, Corina; Bruffaerts, Ronny; Caldas-de-Almeida, José-Miguel; Chardoul, Stephanie; De-Girolamo, Giovanni; Gureje, Oye; Haro, Josep-M; Karam, Elie-G; Karam, Aimee; Kovess-masfety, Viviane; Navarro-Mateu, Fernando; Nishi, Daisuke; Posada-villa, José; Roest, Annelieke; Stagnaro, Juan-Carlos; Vladescu, Cristian; Vigo, Daniel-V; Kessler, Ronald-C BACKGROUND: Anxiolytic medications, particularly benzodiazepines, are widely prescribed, giving impetus to long-standing debates about how often these agents should be employed in clinical practice. There are, however, few cross-country studies of the pharmacoepidemiology of these agents. We report on the frequency of anxiolytic medication use, reasons for use, and perceived effectiveness of use in general population surveys across 20 countries. METHODS: Face-to-face interviews with community samples totaling n = 49,919 respondents in the World Health Organization World Mental Health (WMH) Surveys asked about anxiolytic medication use anytime in the prior 12 months in conjunction with validated fully structured diagnostic interviews. Treatment questions were administered independently of diagnoses to all respondents. RESULTS: A weighted 5.6% (n = 4079) of respondents reported anxiolytic medication use within the past 12 months; the vast majority comprised benzodiazepine use, and use was highest amongst respondents with a subthreshold major depressive episode (MDE) (25.2%) and a 12-month MDE (19.8%). Rates were significantly higher in high-income countries (HICs) than low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) (8.5% vs. 2.2%, ?(2) (1) = 559.6, p < 0.001). Short-acting benzodiazepines and z-drugs were most commonly used for sleep (66.5% and 85.5%), while intermediate-acting benzodiazepines and long-acting benzodiazepines were most commonly used either for sleep (37.9% and 30.1%) or anxiety (33.3% and 32.0%). Across all conditions, anxiolytic medications were reported as very effective by 55.7% of users and somewhat effective by an additional 32.2% of users, with similar proportions in HICs and LMICs. Negative predictors of high perceived effectiveness were a 12-month MDE and taking anxiolytic medication for comorbid anxiety and depression. CONCLUSION: These data do not definitely answer the question of how often benzodiazepines should be prescribed in clinical practice, but they usefully inform discussions of how to optimize their use. It is noteworthy that anxiolytic medications, particularly benzodiazepines, are largely prescribed for anxiety and sleep, and that they are widely perceived to be either very or somewhat effective by users. However, more targeted prescription of these agents may be necessary; in particular antidepressant intervention should be prioritized in the pharmacotherapy of major depressive disorder.

Scoping review of the evolution of delirium detection, diagnostic, and severity assessment scales

2026-04-01T00:00:00Z

Scoping review of the evolution of delirium detection, diagnostic, and severity assessment scales Alonso-Crespo, David; Rodríguez-Mondéjar, Juan-José; Leal-Costa, César Aim/Objective: To systematically compile and analyze all delirium detection tools, establishing a temporal and contextual framework to clarify current knowledge. Background: Delirium is a prevalent condition in hospitalized patients, particularly older adults, associated with high morbidity, mortality, and healthcare burden. Early diagnosis is essential for timely intervention. Despite the development of numerous diagnostic tools over five decades, existing resources remain fragmented, necessitating a comprehensive synthesis. Methods: A scoping review was conducted across six databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, Cuiden, LILACS, CINAHL, Web of Science) following Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology and PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Results: Nearly 100 delirium detection tools were identified and categorized into five comparative tables, providing a structured overview of key features. Conclusions: This review consolidates dispersed information, presenting a comprehensive timeline of delirium assessment tools. Findings support clinical practice and research by offering an updated, structured perspective on available screening and diagnostic methods. (c) 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)