01.01. Investigación y comunicación científica

COVID-19 Vaccine Effectiveness in Autumn and Winter 2022 to 2023 Among Older Europeans

2024-07-01T00:00:00Z

COVID-19 Vaccine Effectiveness in Autumn and Winter 2022 to 2023 Among Older Europeans Delaunay, Charlotte-Laniece; Mazagatos, Clara; Martínez-Baz, Ivan; Turi, Gergo; Goerlitz, Luise; Domegan, Lisa; Meijer, Adam; Rodrigues, Ana-Paula; Seve, Noemie; Ilic, Maja; Latorre-Margalef, Neus; Lazar, Mihaela; Maurel, Marine; Melo, Aryse; Andreu-Ivorra, Blanca; Casado, Itziar; Horvath, Judit-Krisztina; Buda, Silke; Bennett, Charlene; de-Lange, Marit; Guiomar, Raquel; Enouf, Vincent; Mlinaric, Ivan; Hagey, Tove-Samuelsson; Dinu, Sorin; Rumayor, Mercedes; Castilla, Jesús; Oroszi, Beatrix; Duerrwald, Ralf; O'Donnell, Joan; Hooiveld, Mariette; Gómez, Verónica; Falchi, Alessandra; Filipovic, Sanja-Kurecic; Dillner, Lena; Popescu, Rodica; Bacci, Sabrina; Kaczmarek, Marlena; Kissling, Esther IMPORTANCE: In the context of emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants or lineages and new vaccines, it is key to accurately monitor COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness (CVE) to inform vaccination campaigns. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines administered in autumn and winter 2022 to 2023 against symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection (with all circulating viruses and XBB lineage in particular) among people aged 60 years or older in Europe, and to compare different CVE approaches across the exposed and reference groups used. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This case-control study obtained data from VEBIS (Vaccine Effectiveness, Burden and Impact Studies), a multicenter study that collects COVID-19 and influenza data from 11 European sites: Croatia; France; Germany; Hungary; Ireland; Portugal; the Netherlands; Romania; Spain, national; Spain, Navarre region; and Sweden. Participants were primary care patients aged 60 years or older with acute respiratory infection symptoms who were recruited at the 11 sites after the start of the COVID-19 vaccination campaign from September 2022 to August 2023. Cases and controls were defined as patients with positive and negative, respectively, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test results. EXPOSURES: The exposure was COVID-19 vaccination. The exposure group consisted of patients who received a COVID-19 vaccine during the autumn and winter 2022 to 2023 vaccination campaign and 14 days or more before symptom onset. Reference group included patients who were not vaccinated during or in the 6 months before the 2022 to 2023 campaign (seasonal CVE), those who were never vaccinated (absolute CVE), and those who were vaccinated with at least the primary series 6 months or more before the campaign (relative CVE). For relative CVE of second boosters, patients receiving their second booster during the campaign were compared with those receiving 1 booster 6 months or more before the campaign. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The outcome was RT-PCR-confirmed, medically attended, symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection. Four CVE estimates were generated: seasonal, absolute, relative, and relative of second boosters. CVE was estimated using logistic regression, adjusting for study site, symptom onset date, age, chronic condition, and sex. RESULTS: A total of 9308 primary care patients were included, with 1687 cases (1035 females; median [IQR] age, 71 [65-79] years) and 7621 controls (4619 females [61%]; median [IQR] age, 71 [65-78] years). Within 14 to 89 days after vaccination, seasonal CVE was 29% (95% CI, 14%-42%), absolute CVE was 39% (95% CI, 6%-60%), relative CVE was 31% (95% CI, 15% to 44%), and relative CVE of second boosters was 34% (95% CI, 18%-47%) against all SARS-CoV-2 variants. In the same interval, seasonal CVE was 44% (95% CI, -10% to 75%), absolute CVE was 52% (95% CI, -23% to 82%), relative CVE was 47% (95% CI, -8% to 77%), and relative CVE of second boosters was 46% (95% CI, -13% to 77%) during a period of high XBB circulation. Estimates decreased with time since vaccination, with no protection from 180 days after vaccination. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In this case-control study among older Europeans, all CVE approaches suggested that COVID-19 vaccines administered in autumn and winter 2022 to 2023 offered at least 3 months of protection against symptomatic, medically attended, laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. The effectiveness of new COVID-19 vaccines against emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants should be continually monitored using CVE seasonal approaches.

Association between pre-diagnostic circulating lipid metabolites and colorectal cancer risk: a nested case-control study in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)

2024-03-01T00:00:00Z

Association between pre-diagnostic circulating lipid metabolites and colorectal cancer risk: a nested case-control study in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) Harewood, Rhea; Rothwell, Joseph-A; Besevic, Jelena; Viallon, Vivian; Achaintre, David; Gicquiau, Audrey; Rinaldi, Sabina; Wedekind, Roland; Prehn, Cornelia; Adamski, Jerzy; Schmidt, Julie-A; Jacobs, Inarie; Tjonneland, Anne; Olsen, Anja; Severi, Gianluca; Kaaks, Rudolf; Katzke, Verena; Schulze, Matthias-B; Prada, Marcela; Masala, Giovanna; Agnoli, Claudia; Panico, Salvatore; Sacerdote, Carlotta; Jakszyn, Paula-Gabriela; Sánchez, María-José; Castilla, Jesús; Chirlaque-López, María-Dolores; Aizpurua-Atxega, Amaia; van-Guelpen, Bethany; Heath, Alicia-K; Papier, Keren; Tong, Tammy-Y-N; Summers, Scott-A; Playdon, Mary; Cross, Amanda-J; Keski-Rahkonen, Pekka; Chajes, Veronique; Murphy, Neil; Gunter, Marc-J BACKGROUND: Altered lipid metabolism is a hallmark of cancer development. However, the role of specific lipid metabolites in colorectal cancer development is uncertain. METHODS: In a case-control study nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC), we examined associations between pre-diagnostic circulating concentrations of 97 lipid metabolites (acylcarnitines, glycerophospholipids and sphingolipids) and colorectal cancer risk. Circulating lipids were measured using targeted mass spectrometry in 1591 incident colorectal cancer cases (55% women) and 1591 matched controls. Multivariable conditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for associations between concentrations of individual lipid metabolites and metabolite patterns with colorectal cancer risk. FINDINGS: Of the 97 assayed lipids, 24 were inversely associated (nominally p < 0.05) with colorectal cancer risk. Hydroxysphingomyelin (SM (OH)) C22:2 (OR(per doubling) 0.60, 95% CI 0.47-0.77) and acylakyl-phosphatidylcholine (PC ae) C34:3 (OR(per doubling) 0.71, 95% CI 0.59-0.87) remained associated after multiple comparisons correction. These associations were unaltered after excluding the first 5 years of follow-up after blood collection and were consistent according to sex, age at diagnosis, BMI, and colorectal subsite. Two lipid patterns, one including 26 phosphatidylcholines and all sphingolipids, and another 30 phosphatidylcholines, were weakly inversely associated with colorectal cancer. INTERPRETATION: Elevated pre-diagnostic circulating levels of SM (OH) C22:2 and PC ae C34:3 and lipid patterns including phosphatidylcholines and sphingolipids were associated with lower colorectal cancer risk. This study may provide insight into potential links between specific lipids and colorectal cancer development. Additional prospective studies are needed to validate the observed associations. FUNDING: World Cancer Research Fund (reference: 2013/1002); European Commission (FP7: BBMRI-LPC; reference: 313010).

Rabdomiólisis asociada al tratamiento con telbivudina: a propósito de un caso

2017-05-01T00:00:00Z

Rabdomiólisis asociada al tratamiento con telbivudina: a propósito de un caso Mancebo-González, Almudena; Peñalver-Jara, María-José; Menéndez-Naranjo, Laura; Navarro-Egea, Ana-Patricia

Strategies used to improve immunization coverage of nirsevimab in an autonomous community in Spain

46387-01-01T00:00:00Z

Strategies used to improve immunization coverage of nirsevimab in an autonomous community in Spain Zornoza-Moreno, Matilde; Yelo-Cano, Jesús-Javier; Pérez-Martín, Jaime-Jesús Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of lower respiratory tract infections, particularly in infants under one year. In 2023, Spain became one of the first countries to implement nirsevimab, a long-acting monoclonal antibody, for RSV prevention. This study evaluates the second immunization campaign in the Region of Murcia, focusing on coverage, timeliness, and equity. A retrospective cross-sectional analysis included children born between April 2024 and March 2025. Coverage was assessed for infants born during and outside the RSV season. Continuous training for healthcare professionals and targeted family education were implemented to improve uptake. Of 12,606 children, 11,785 (93.5%) received nirsevimab, with coverage higher for those born during the campaign (96.0%) than before (90.5%, p < .001). Coverage was higher among children whose health card holder was born in Spain (94.2%) versus abroad (91.9%, p < .001), reducing the previous season's gap from 5.7% to 2.3%. Most infants (92.4%) were immunized before maternity discharge, with delayed cases receiving protection at a mean age of 22.7 d. High protocol adherence (99.7%) and rapid catch-up immunization were observed. Continuous professional training and public information contributed to improved coverage, timely protection, and reduced inequities, demonstrating the feasibility of nirsevimab implementation in a public health program.