02.05. Área de Salud V Altiplano

Association Between Physical Activity and Mortality in Men with or at Risk of Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review

2026-09-18T05:52:33Z

Association Between Physical Activity and Mortality in Men with or at Risk of Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review García-Miralles, Nacho; Martínez-García, Irene; Marcilla-Toribio, Irene; Herreros-Solano, Andrea; Fernández-Bravo-Rodrigo, Jaime; Patino-Cardona, Silvana; Moreno-Charco, Elena; Ortega-Arminana, Amparo-María; Gregori-Navarro, María; Pascual-Morena, Carlos INTRODUCTION: Prostate cancer (PC) is a highly prevalent malignant tumour associated with significant morbidity and mortality. While physical activity has been linked to a lower risk of PC and exercise has been shown to reduce mortality, the evidence for the association between physical activity and mortality is limited. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the association between physical activity and mortality risk in men with or at risk of PC. METHODS: A systematic search was conducted in Medline, Scopus and Web of Science from inception until April 2026. Observational studies analysing physical activity and all-cause and PC-specific mortality were included. The data were synthesised and interpreted using a synthesis without meta-analysis (SWiM) approach. The quality of the studies was assessed using the NHLBI tool. The certainty of the evidence was assessed using the GRADE framework. RESULTS: Fifteen observational studies were included. The hazard ratio (HR) was the predominant effect measure. Physical activity was associated with a reduction in all-cause mortality (HRs: 0.40-0.88; highest versus lowest categories), and a dose-response gradient was observed within two cohorts. Associations with PC-specific mortality were less consistent, with significant inverse findings concentrated in post-diagnosis assessments. The quality of the studies was generally poor, and the certainty of the evidence was very low for both outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Physical activity was associated with lower all-cause mortality risk in men with or at risk of PC, and the most consistent inverse estimates were observed in post-diagnostic assessments. These findings are observational and should not be interpreted as a clinical recommendation. A dose-response pattern was noted within individual studies, although the certainty of evidence was very low for this outcome. Additionally, evidence for PC-specific mortality was inconsistent and of very low certainty. Prospective studies with standardised, objective measures of physical activity are required.

Real-world effectiveness and safety of galcanezumab for the treatment of migraine: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2026-08-03T10:48:16Z

Real-world effectiveness and safety of galcanezumab for the treatment of migraine: A systematic review and meta-analysis Fernández-Bravo-Rodrigo, Jaime; Pascual-Morena, Carlos; Saz-Lara, Alicia; Martínez-García, Irene; Lever-Megina, Carla-Geovanna; Patino-Cardona, Silvana; Flor-García, Amparo; Cavero-Redondo, Iván OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to summarize and pool real-world evidence on the clinical effectiveness and safety of galcanezumab. BACKGROUND: Migraine is a disabling primary headache disorder. Several drugs that target calcitonin gene-related peptide, such as galcanezumab, have recently been developed. However, real-world effects have not been well studied. METHODS: A systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science was conducted from inception to February 2025. Studies that estimated the real-world effects of galcanezumab on monthly migraine days (MMDs), monthly headache days (MHDs), Headache Impact Test, Migraine Disability Assessment Scale, number of days in medication, acute monthly intake (AMI), pain intensity, and safety outcomes were included. Meta-analyses of proportions or mean differences were performed. RESULTS: Thirty-six studies were included, with an agreement of 0.93 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.90, 0.96]. One month after the first injection, the reduction effects were -6.93 days (95% CI: -7.88, -5.99) for MMD, -8.55 days (95% CI: -11.32, -5.78) for MHD, and -7.96 points (95% CI: -8.93, -6.99) for Headache Impact Test. Over 60% of patients achieved a reduction in MMD/MHD of at least 50% within 3 months. The effect increased gradually and slightly up to 12 months. The adverse event rates were 0.25 (95% CI: 0.14, 0.38) and 0.35 (95% CI: 0.27, 0.45) at 6 and 12 months, respectively, with constipation being the most common. CONCLUSION: Galcanezumab appears to be associated with clinically meaningful improvements in migraine and favorable safety outcomes, although the evidence certainty is limited by heterogeneity.

Design and validation of a questionnaire to study healthy habits among adolescents aged 12-14 years

2026-05-13T11:04:52Z

Design and validation of a questionnaire to study healthy habits among adolescents aged 12-14 years Jiménez-Candel, María-Isabel; Carpena-Lucas, Pedro-Juan; Ceballos-Santamaría, Guillermo; Mondéjar-Jiménez, José INTRODUCTION: Social and cultural changes are altering young people's habits. Some surveys measure such behaviors, but are hard to interpret. The objective of this study was to design and validate a homogeneous questionnaire to study habits among adolescents aged 12-14 years. POPULATION AND METHODS: Descriptive and crosssectional study to validate a questionnaire. Items were selected after a bibliographic review and expert assessment. The pre-test was administered to a pilot sample. Reliability was established using Cronbach's alpha coefficient, and construct validity, using a factor analysis. It was administered to a sample of parents of students from 4 secondary schools. RESULTS: Cronbach's coefficient showed values close to 0.7 in 3/4 subscales and an overall value of 0.629, showing accuracy and stability. Factor analysis determined an adequate construct validity, with 4 factors: eating, physical activity, new technologies, and environment. The final questionnaire included 26 items and was administered to 421 participants. Poor habits were observed in 24.8 % and very unhealthy, in 3.4 %. Girls had poorer scores in physical activity (p < 0.001), and boys, in new technologies, although it was not significant. CONCLUSIONS: The final instrument was valid, reliable, and easily administered to assess modifiable behaviors in adolescents. The inclusion of technologies and environment helps to adapt the questionnaire to current changes. The greatest deficit was observed in the technology use and physical activity domains; and girls were more sedentary.

Family influence on childhood excess weight in the Region of Murcia, Spain

2026-05-13T11:04:52Z

Family influence on childhood excess weight in the Region of Murcia, Spain Jiménez-Candel, María-Isabel; Mondéjar-Jiménez, José; Gómez-Navarro, Antonio-J; Monreal-Tomas, Ana-B INTRODUCTION: In Spain, childhood obesity is worrying, and its development might be influenced by the family setting. The objectives were to determine the prevalence of excess weight among adolescents, evaluate family variables that could affect it, and determine parents' body perception. POPULATION AND METHODS: Cross-sectional study; students from five secondary schools in health area V of the Region of Murcia were included. Students' anthropometric measurements were recorded and a survey was administered to parents, including variables such as weight, height, exercise, level of education, family structure, and body perception. The analysis was done using contingency tables and the association with Somers' D measures. RESULTS: Four hundred and twenty one students participated (age: 12.8 ± 0.6 years old); 21.1 % were overweight and 19.5 %, obese. There was an association between parent and child excess weight (Somers' D with a p value < 0.05). If both parents had a sedentary lifestyle, their children would exercise less. The higher the level of parental education, the lower the rate of childhood overweight (p < 0.05). Overweightobesity among children was higher in separated or single-parent families. In total, 32 % of parents misperceived their children's excess weight and 53 %, their own. CONCLUSIONS: In this sample, the prevalence of excess weight was 40.6 %. Parents' nutritional status, level of education, and family structure were associated with childhood obesity. Mothers had a greater influence on the development of their children's overweight. Parents underestimated obesity.